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2017政府工作報告中英對照
Report on the Work of the Government
?? 2017年3月5日在第十二屆全國人民代表大會第五次會議上
? Delivered at the Fifth Session of the 12th National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China on March 5, 2017
國務院總理 李克強
Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council
各位代表：
Esteemed Deputies,
現(xiàn)在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協(xié)各位委員提出意見。
On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government and ask for your deliberation and approval. I also wish to have comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
一、2017年工作回顧
Let me begin with a review of our work in 2016.
過去一年，我國發(fā)展面臨國內外諸多矛盾疊加、風險隱患交匯的嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。在以*同志的黨中央堅強領導下，全國各族人民迎難而上，砥礪前行，推動經(jīng)濟社會持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。黨的十八屆六中全會正式明確的核心地位，體現(xiàn)了黨和人民的根本利益，對保證黨和國家興旺發(fā)達、長治久安，具有十分重大而深遠的意義。各地區(qū)、各部門不斷增強政治意識、大局意識、核心意識、看齊意識，推動全面建成小康社會取得新的重要進展，全面深化改革邁出重大步伐，全面依法治國深入實施，全面從嚴治黨縱深推進，全年經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展主要目標任務圓滿完成，“十三五”實現(xiàn)了良好開局。
In the past year, China’s development has faced grave challenges posed by a great many problems and interwoven risks and dangers both at home and abroad.
However, under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we the Chinese people have risen to the challenge and worked hard to Pss ahead, driving forward sustained, healthy economic and social development.
At the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th Party Central Committee, the core position of General Secretary Xi Jinping was formally affirmed, which reflects the fundamental interests of the Party and the Chinese people, and is of crucial and far-reaching significance for ensuring the flourishing and long-term stability of the Party and the country. All regions and all government departments have steadily strengthened their consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, uphold the leadership core, and keep in alignment. Pushing ahead with all-around efforts, we have achieved major progress in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, made important strides in deepening reform, continued to exercise law-based governance, and made further progress in practicing strict Party self-governance; and we have accomplished the year’s main tasks and targets for economic and social development, and got the 13th Five-Year Plan off to a great start.
??經(jīng)濟運行緩中趨穩(wěn)、穩(wěn)中向好。國內生產(chǎn)總值達到74.4萬億元，增長6.7%，名列世界前茅，對全球經(jīng)濟增長的貢獻率超過30%。居民消費價格上漲2%。工業(yè)企業(yè)利潤由上年下降2.3%轉為增長8.5%，單位國內生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降5%，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的質量和效益明顯提高。
? The economy has registered a slower but stable performance with good momentum for growth.
GDP reached 74.4 trillion yuan, rePsenting 6.7-percent growth, and seeing China outpace most other economies. China contributed more than 30 percent of global growth. The CPI rose by 2 percent. With an 8.5-percent increase in profits, industrial enterprises reversed the Pvious year’s negative growth of 2.3 percent. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5 percent. Economic performance improved markedly in quality and returns.
??就業(yè)增長超出預期。全年城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1314萬人。高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)人數(shù)再創(chuàng)新高。年末城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率4.02%，為多年來最低。13億多人口的發(fā)展中大國，就業(yè)比較充分，十分不易。
? Employment growth exceeded projections.
A total of 13.14 million new urban jobs were added over the course of the year. The number of college graduates finding employment or starting businesses reached another record high. The registered urban unemployment rate stood at 4.02 percent at year-end 2016, the lowest level in years. For China, a large developing country with a population of over 1.3 billion, attaining this level of employment is no easy task.
??改革開放深入推進。重要領域和關鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革取得突破性進展，供給側結構性改革初見成效。對外開放推出新舉措，“一帶一路”建設進展快速，一批重大工程和國際產(chǎn)能合作項目落地。
? Continued advances were made in reform and opening up.
Breakthroughs were made in reforms in major sectors and key links, and initial success was achieved in supply-side structural reform. New measures were introduced for opening China up, rapid progress was made in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative, and a number of major projects and industrial-capacity cooperation projects with other countries were launched.
??經(jīng)濟結構加快調整。消費在經(jīng)濟增長中發(fā)揮主要拉動作用。服務業(yè)增加值占國內生產(chǎn)總值比重上升到51.6%。高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)、裝備制造業(yè)較快增長。農業(yè)穩(wěn)中調優(yōu)，糧食再獲豐收。
? Economic structural adjustment was stepped up.
Consumption was the main driver of economic growth. The value created by the service sector rose to 51.6 percent of GDP. High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew rapidly. In agriculture, production was stable and structural adjustments were made, and we had continued good grain harvests.
??發(fā)展新動能不斷增強。創(chuàng)新驅動發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略深入實施�？萍碱I域取得一批國際領先的重大成果。新興產(chǎn)業(yè)蓬勃興起，傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)加快轉型升級。大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新廣泛開展，全年新登記企業(yè)增長24.5%，平均每天新增1.5萬戶，加上個體工商戶等，各類市場主體每天新增4.5萬戶。新動能正在撐起發(fā)展新天地。
? New drivers of growth gained strength.
Further progress was made in pursuing the innovation-driven development strategy, and a number of world-leading achievements were made in science and technology. Emerging industries were thriving, and the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries accelerated. People were busy launching businesses or making innovations, with a 24.5-percent year-on-year increase in the number of new businesses registered-an average of 15,000 new businesses daily. With self-employed traders and other market entities included we had an average of 45,000 new market entities launched per day. New growth drivers are opening new prospects for China’s development.
??基礎設施支撐能力持續(xù)提升。高速鐵路投產(chǎn)里程超過1900公里，新建改建高速公路6700多公里、農村公路29萬公里。城市軌道交通、地下綜合管廊建設加快。新開工重大水利工程21項。新增第四代移動通信用戶3.4億、光纜線路550多萬公里。
? Infrastructure became ever-better able to sustain development.
Over 1,900 kilometers of new high-speed rail lines came into service, and more than 6,700 kilometers of exPssways and 290,000 kilometers of rural roads were built or upgraded. Construction picked up pace on urban rail transit facilities and underground utility tunnels. Construction began on 21 major water conservancy projects. The number of 4G mobile communications subscribers grew by 340 million and over 5.5 million kilometers of optical fiber cables were added.
??人民生活繼續(xù)改善。全國居民人均可支配收入實際增長6.3%。農村貧困人口減少1240萬，易地扶貧搬遷人口超過240萬。棚戶區(qū)住房改造600多萬套，農村危房改造380多萬戶。國內旅游快速增長，出境旅游超過1.2億人次，城鄉(xiāng)居民生活水平有新的提高。
? Living standards were improved.
Personal per capita disposable income increased by 6.3 percent in real terms. The number of people living in poverty in rural areas was reduced by 12.4 million, including more than 2.4 million people relocated from inhospitable areas. More than 6 million homes in rundown urban areas and over 3.8 million dilapidated rural houses were renovated. In tourism, domestic trips showed rapid growth, and overseas trips exceeded 120 million. People in both urban and rural areas saw a rise in living standards.
我國成功主辦二十國集團*杭州峰會，推動取得一系列開創(chuàng)性、引領性、機制性重要成果，在全球經(jīng)濟治理中留下深刻的中國印記。
China successfully hosted the G20 2016 Hangzhou Summit, and helped to deliver a number of important pioneering, leading, and institutional outcomes, thus doing its part for global economic governance.
回顧過去一年，走過的路很不尋常。我們面對的是世界經(jīng)濟和貿易增速7年來最低、國際金融市場波動加劇、地區(qū)和全球性挑戰(zhàn)突發(fā)多發(fā)的外部環(huán)境，面對的是國內結構性問題突出、風險隱患顯現(xiàn)、經(jīng)濟下行壓力加大的多重困難，面對的是改革進入攻堅期、利益關系深刻調整、影響社會穩(wěn)定因素增多的復雜局面。在這種情況下，經(jīng)濟能夠穩(wěn)住很不容易，出現(xiàn)諸多向好變化更為難得。這再次表明，中國人民有勇氣、有智慧、有能力戰(zhàn)勝任何艱難險阻，中國經(jīng)濟有潛力、有韌性、有優(yōu)勢，中國的發(fā)展前景一定會更好。
2016 was an unusual year in our country’s development. China was confronted with an external environment in which the world saw the lowest economic and trade growth in seven years, growing volatility in global financial markets, and sudden and frequent regional and global challenges. Domestically, China faced multiple difficulties: major structural problems, prominent risks and dangers, and mounting downward Pssure on the economy. China found itself in a complex environment as reform entered a critical stage, profound changes took place affecting interests, and factors impacting social stability grew.
Given all these factors, it was not easy for us to maintain stable economic performance. And yet we succeeded, and even managed to make progress on many fronts. Once again, this shows that we the Chinese people have the courage, ingenuity, and ability to overcome any difficulty or hardship. It also shows that the Chinese economy possesses potential, resilience, and strengths, so we can be sure there is even better development ahead for China.
一年來，我們主要做了以下工作。
I will now move on to discuss our main work last year:
一是繼續(xù)創(chuàng)新和加強宏觀調控，經(jīng)濟運行保持在合理區(qū)間。去年宏觀調控面臨多難抉擇，我們堅持不搞“大水漫灌”式強刺激，而是依靠改革創(chuàng)新來穩(wěn)增長、調結構、防風險，在區(qū)間調控基礎上，加強定向調控、相機調控。積極的財政政策力度加大，增加的財政赤字主要用于減稅降費。全面推開營改增試點，全年降低企業(yè)稅負5700多億元，所有行業(yè)實現(xiàn)稅負只減不增。制定實施中央與地方增值稅收入劃分過渡方案，確保地方既有財力不變。擴大地方政府存量債務置換規(guī)模，降低利息負擔約4000億元。穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策靈活適度，廣義貨幣M2增長11.3%，低于13%左右的預期目標。綜合運用多種貨幣政策工具，支持實體經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。實施促進消費升級措施。出臺鼓勵民間投資等政策，投資出現(xiàn)企穩(wěn)態(tài)勢。分類調控房地產(chǎn)市場。加強金融風險防控，人民幣匯率形成機制進一步完善，保持了在合理均衡水平上的基本穩(wěn)定，維護了國家經(jīng)濟金融安全。
First,we continued to develop new and more effective ways of carrying out regulationat the macro level, thus keeping the economy performing within an appropriate range.
Lastyear, we faced difficult choices in conducting macro-level regulation, but westood firm in not adopting strong stimulus policies that would have had aneconomy-wide impact, and strived instead to maintain steady growth, adjust the structure, and guard against risks through reform and innovation. We strengthened targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-basedregulation.
Moreproactive fiscal policy was pursued, and the increase in the fiscal deficit wasused mainly to cover tax and fee cuts. The trial replacement of business taxwith value added tax (VAT) was extended to cover all sectors, slashing the taxburden of businesses for the year by over 570 billion yuan and reducing taxburdens in every sector. A transitional plan for sharing VAT revenue betweenthe central and local governments was formulated and implemented to ensurefinancial resources of local governments remained unchanged. More local government bonds were issued to replace outstanding debts, reducing interest payments by roughly 400 billion yuan.
Aprudent monetary policy was pursued in a flexible and appropriate manner. TheM2 money supply increased by 11.3 percent, below our projected target of around13 percent. We used a range of monetary policy tools to support the developmentof the real economy.
Measures were taken to upgrade consumption. We unveiled policies to encourage privateinvestment, and saw investment begin to stabilize. We strengthened efforts to manage financial risks. The RMB exchange rate regime continued to improve, and the exchange rate remained generally stable at an adaptive and equilibrium level. We also exercised category-based regulation over the real estate market. By doing this, we have safeguarded China’s economic and financial security.
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政府工作報告
Report on the Work of the Government
??2017年3月5日在第十二屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議上
Delivered at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on March 5, 2016
國務院總理 李克強
Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council
各位代表：
Esteemed Deputies,
現(xiàn)在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協(xié)各位委員提出意見。
On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval. I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
一、2015年工作回顧
I.Review of the work we did in 2015
過去一年，我國發(fā)展面臨多重困難和嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。在以*同志為黨中央堅強領導下，全國各族人民以堅定的信心和非凡的勇氣，攻堅克難，開拓進取，經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展穩(wěn)中有進、穩(wěn)中有好，完成了全年主要目標任務，改革開放和取得新的重大成就。
In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development. However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have Pssed ahead with a pioneering spirit. As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.
經(jīng)濟運行保持在合理區(qū)間。國內生產(chǎn)總值達到67.7萬億元，增長6.9%，在世界主要經(jīng)濟體中位居前列。糧食產(chǎn)量實現(xiàn)“十二連增”，居民消費價格漲幅保持較低水平。特別是就業(yè)形勢總體穩(wěn)定，城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1312萬人，超過全年預期目標，成為經(jīng)濟運行的一大亮點。
The economy operated within an appropriate range. GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, rePsenting an increase of 6.9% over the Pvious year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies. Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row. Consumer prices grew slowly. Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year's target and becoming an economic highlight.
結構調整取得積極進展。服務業(yè)在國內生產(chǎn)總值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占據(jù)“半壁江山”。消費對經(jīng)濟增長的貢獻率達到66.4%。高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)和裝備制造業(yè)增速快于一般工業(yè)。單位國內生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降5.6%。
Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment. The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time. The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%. High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.
發(fā)展新動能加快成長。創(chuàng)新驅動發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略持續(xù)推進，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與各行業(yè)加速融合，新興產(chǎn)業(yè)快速增長。大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新蓬勃發(fā)展，全年新登記注冊企業(yè)增長21.6%，平均每天新增1.2萬戶。新動能對穩(wěn)就業(yè)、促升級發(fā)揮了突出作用，正在推動經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)生深刻變革。
New driving forces for development grew rapidly. Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development,the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly. Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day. New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.
人民生活進一步改善。全國居民人均可支配收入實際增長7.4%，快于經(jīng)濟增速。去年末居民儲蓄存款余額增長8.5%，新增4萬多億元。又解決6434萬農村人口飲水安全問題。扶貧攻堅力度加大，農村貧困人口減少1442萬人。
Living standards improved. Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy. By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan. In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.
科技領域一批創(chuàng)新成果達到國際先進水平，第三代核電技術取得重大進展，國產(chǎn)C919大型客機總裝下線，屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾生理學或醫(yī)學獎。對我國發(fā)展取得的成就，全國各族人民倍感振奮和自豪!回顧過去一年，成績來之不易。
A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology.Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China's self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. These achievements in China's development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.
這些成績，是在極為復雜嚴峻的國際環(huán)境中取得的。去年世界經(jīng)濟增速為6年來最低，國際貿易增速更低，大宗商品價格深度下跌，國際金融市場震蕩加劇，對我國經(jīng)濟造成直接沖擊和影響。這些成績，是在國內深層次矛盾凸顯、經(jīng)濟下行壓力加大的情況下取得的。面對“三期疊加”的局面，經(jīng)濟工作遇到不少兩難甚至多難問題，需要遠近結合，趨利避害，有效應對。這些成績，是在我國經(jīng)濟總量超過60萬億元的高基數(shù)上取得的�，F(xiàn)在國內生產(chǎn)總值每增長1個百分點的增量，相當于5年前1.5個百分點、10年前2.5個百分點的增量。經(jīng)濟規(guī)模越大，增長難度隨之增加。在困難和壓力面前，全國各族人民付出了極大辛勞，一步一步走了過來。這再次表明，任何艱難險阻都擋不住中國發(fā)展前行的步伐!
They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment. In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market. All this had a direct impact on China's economy. They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward Pssure on the economy was mounting. While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of Pvious economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm. Finally, they were made at a time when China's economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan. Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago. The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth. In the face of these difficulties and Pssures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today. This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.
一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：
I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:
一是著力穩(wěn)增長調結構防風險，創(chuàng)新宏觀調控方式。為應對持續(xù)加大的經(jīng)濟下行壓力，我們在區(qū)間調控基礎上，實施定向調控和相機調控。積極的財政政策注重加力增效，擴大結構性減稅范圍，實行普遍性降費，盤活財政存量資金。發(fā)行地方政府債券置換存量債務3.2萬億元，降低利息負擔約2000億元，減輕了地方政府償債壓力。穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策注重松緊適度，多次降息降準，改革存貸比管理，創(chuàng)新貨幣政策工具，加大對實體經(jīng)濟支持力度。擴大有效投資，設立專項基金，加強水利、城鎮(zhèn)棚戶區(qū)和農村危房改造、中西部鐵路和公路等薄弱環(huán)節(jié)建設。實施重點領域消費促進工程，城鄉(xiāng)居民旅游、網(wǎng)購、信息消費等快速增長。去年還積極應對股市、匯市異常波動等金融領域的多種風險挑戰(zhàn)，守住了不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性區(qū)域性風險的底線，維護了國家經(jīng)濟金融安全。First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation. In responding to the mounting downward Pssure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation. We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use. Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment Pssure. We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy. Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions. Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services. In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China's economic and financial security.
二是圍繞激發(fā)市場活力，加大改革開放力度。我們不搞“大水漫灌”式的強刺激，而是持續(xù)推動結構性改革。深入推進簡政放權、放管結合、優(yōu)化服務改革。取消和下放311項行政審批事項，取消123項職業(yè)資格許可和認定事項，徹底終結了非行政許可審批。工商登記前置審批精簡85%，全面實施三證合一、一照一碼。加強事中事后監(jiān)管，優(yōu)化公共服務流程。群眾和企業(yè)辦事更加方便，全社會創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新熱情日益高漲。
Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market. Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform. We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services. We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review. The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code. Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved. Government-related procedures for inpiduals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.
財稅金融等重點改革深入推進。中央對地方專項轉移支付項目減少三分之一，一般性轉移支付規(guī)模增加。營改增穩(wěn)步實施，資源稅從價計征范圍擴大。取消存款利率浮動上限，推出存款保險制度，建立人民幣跨境支付系統(tǒng)。價格改革力度加大，中央政府定價項目減少80%，地方政府定價項目減少一半以上。國有企業(yè)、農村、投融資、生態(tài)文明等領域改革有序推進，全面深化改革的成效正在顯現(xiàn)。
Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened. The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments. Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT. Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes. The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established. Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%. We carried out state-owned enterprise (SOE) reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others. Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.
堅持以開放促改革促發(fā)展。努力穩(wěn)定對外貿易，調整出口退稅負擔機制，清理規(guī)范進出口環(huán)節(jié)收費，提高貿易便利化水平，出口結構發(fā)生積極變化。外商投資限制性條目減少一半，95%以上實行備案管理，實際使用外資1263億美元，增長5.6%。非金融類對外直接投資1180億美元，增長14.7%。推廣上海自貿試驗區(qū)經(jīng)驗，新設廣東、天津、福建自貿試驗區(qū)。人民幣加入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權貨幣籃子。亞洲基礎設施投資銀行正式成立，絲路基金投入運營。簽署中韓、中澳自貿協(xié)定和中國-東盟自貿區(qū)升級議定書。“一帶一路”建設成效顯現(xiàn)，國際產(chǎn)能合作步伐加快，高鐵、核電等中國裝備走出去取得突破性進展。
Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up. We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix. The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis. China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%. Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%. Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone. The RMB was included in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights basket. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business. China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively,and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on ComPhensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN. Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative (the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China's export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.
三是聚焦提質增效，推動產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新升級。制定實施創(chuàng)新驅動發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略綱要和意見，出臺推動大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新政策舉措，落實“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”行動計劃，增強經(jīng)濟發(fā)展新動力。一大批創(chuàng)客走上創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新之路。完善農業(yè)支持政策，促進農業(yè)發(fā)展方式加快轉變。針對工業(yè)增速下降、企業(yè)效益下滑，我們一手抓新興產(chǎn)業(yè)培育，一手抓傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造提升。啟動實施《中國制造2025》，設立國家新興產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)投資引導基金、中小企業(yè)發(fā)展基金，擴大國家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)。積極化解過剩產(chǎn)能，推進企業(yè)兼并重組。近三年淘汰落后煉鋼煉鐵產(chǎn)能9000多萬噸、水泥2.3億噸、平板玻璃7600多萬重量箱、電解鋁100多萬噸。促進生產(chǎn)性、生活性服務業(yè)加快發(fā)展。狠抓節(jié)能減排和環(huán)境保護，各項約束性指標超額完成。公布自主減排行動目標，推動國際氣候變化談判取得積極成果。
Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance. To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented. A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations. Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model. In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones. We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones. We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring. Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum. The development of production- and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum. We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets. We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.
四是著眼開拓發(fā)展空間，促進區(qū)域協(xié)調發(fā)展和新型城鎮(zhèn)化。繼續(xù)推動東、中、西、東北地區(qū)“四大板塊”協(xié)調發(fā)展，重點推進“一帶一路”建設、京津冀協(xié)同發(fā)展、長江經(jīng)濟帶發(fā)展“三大戰(zhàn)略”，在基礎設施、產(chǎn)業(yè)布局、生態(tài)環(huán)保等方面實施一批重大工程。制定實施促進西藏和四省藏區(qū)、新疆發(fā)展的政策措施。推進戶籍制度改革，出臺居住證制度，加強城鎮(zhèn)基礎設施建設，新型城鎮(zhèn)化取得新成效。
Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space. Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast; priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives-the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative. A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation. Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai. We Pssed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.
五是緊扣增進民生福祉，推動社會事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。在財力緊張情況下，保障民生力度繼續(xù)加大。推出新的政策，重點解決高校畢業(yè)生和就業(yè)困難群體的就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)問題。城鎮(zhèn)保障性安居工程住房基本建成772萬套，棚戶區(qū)住房改造開工601萬套，農村危房改造432萬戶，一大批住房困難家庭圓了安居夢。加快改善貧困地區(qū)義務教育薄弱學校辦學條件，深化中小學教師職稱制度改革，重點高校招收貧困地區(qū)農村學生人數(shù)又增長10.5%。全面推開縣級公立醫(yī)院綜合改革，拓展居民大病保險，建立重特大疾病醫(yī)療救助制度、困難殘疾人生活補貼和重度殘疾人護理補貼制度。提高低保、優(yōu)撫、企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金等標準，推行機關事業(yè)單位養(yǎng)老保險制度改革并完善工資制度。加強基本公共文化服務建設。廣大人民群眾有了更多獲得感。
Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards. Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people. New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment. Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in. We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%. ComPhensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established. We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system. Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified. All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.
六是促進社會和諧穩(wěn)定，推動依法行政和治理方式創(chuàng)新。國務院提請全國人大常委會審議法律議案11件，制定修訂行政法規(guī)8部。政務公開加快推進，推廣電子政務和網(wǎng)上辦事。建立重大政策落實督查問責機制，開展第三方評估。有效應對自然災害和突發(fā)事件。加強安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，事故總量和重特大事故、重點行業(yè)事故數(shù)量繼續(xù)下降。推進食品安全創(chuàng)建示范行動。強化社會治安綜合治理，依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動，有力維護了公共安全。
Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability. The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations. Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration. We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party eva luations. We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies. Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety; as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common. We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety. We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.
我們深入開展“三嚴三實”專題教育，鍥而不舍落實黨中央八項規(guī)定精神，堅決糾正“四風”，嚴格執(zhí)行國務院“約法三章”。加強行政監(jiān)察和審計監(jiān)督。大力推進黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭，一批腐敗分子受到懲處。
The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests was intensified, the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending. Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened. We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.
我們隆重紀念中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭暨世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭勝利70周年，集中宣示了我國作為世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭東方主戰(zhàn)場的歷史地位和重大貢獻，彰顯了中國人民同各國人民共護和平、共守正義的堅定信念!
We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Global War against Fascism. This anniversary was a reminder of China's place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort. The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.
一年來，全方位外交成果豐碩。*主席等國家*出訪多國，出席聯(lián)合國系列峰會、二十國集團*峰會、亞太經(jīng)合組織*非正式會議、氣候變化大會、東亞合作*系列會議、世界經(jīng)濟論壇等重大活動。成功舉行中非合作論壇峰會、中歐*會晤，啟動中拉論壇。同主要大國關系取得新進展，同周邊國家務實合作深入推進，同發(fā)展中國家友好合作不斷拓展，同聯(lián)合國等國際組織和國際機制的關系全面加強，經(jīng)濟外交、人文交流卓有成效。中國作為負責任大國，在國際和地區(qū)事務中發(fā)揮了重要的建設性作用。
Over the past year, China's all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes. President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016. The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders' Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) Forum was inaugurated. Fresh progress was made in China's relations with other major countries; pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened; friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew; relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas; and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges. As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.
過去一年取得的成績，是以*同志為黨中央統(tǒng)攬全局、科學決策的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民齊心協(xié)力、頑強拼搏的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝!向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝!向關心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設事業(yè)的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝!
We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China. On behalf of the State Council, I wish to exPss our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people's organizations. I exPss our heartfelt apPciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas. I also wish to exPss our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.
在充分肯定去年成績的同時，我們也清醒看到，我國發(fā)展中還存在不少困難和問題。受全球貿易萎縮等因素影響，去年我國進出口總額出現(xiàn)下降，預期增長目標未能實現(xiàn)。投資增長乏力，一些行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩嚴重，部分企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營困難，地區(qū)和行業(yè)走勢分化，財政收支矛盾突出，資本市場基礎性制度還不完善，金融等領域存在風險隱患。人民群眾關心的醫(yī)療、教育、養(yǎng)老、食品藥品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面問題較多，環(huán)境污染形勢仍很嚴峻，嚴重霧霾天氣在一些地區(qū)時有發(fā)生。特別令人痛心的是，去年發(fā)生了“東方之星”號客輪翻沉事件和天津港特別重大火災爆炸等事故，人員傷亡和財產(chǎn)損失慘重，教訓極其深刻，必須認真汲取。政府工作還存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落實不到位，少數(shù)干部不作為、不會為、亂作為，一些領域的不正之風和腐敗問題不容忽視。我們要進一步增強憂患意識和擔當意識，下更大力氣解決這些問題，始終以民之所望為施政所向，盡心竭力做好政府工作，決不辜負人民重托。
While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development. With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard. Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors. There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people. The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog. Particularly distressing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the massive explosion in Tianjin Port. The deaths and injuries and the damage and loss of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound lessons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten. There are still inadequacies in the work of the government. Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented; a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly; and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored. We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to assume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved. The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance; we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.
