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五一國(guó)際勞動(dòng)節(jié)簡(jiǎn)稱五一節(jié)，在每年的5月1日。它是全世界勞動(dòng)人民的共同節(jié)日。關(guān)于“五一節(jié)的由來(lái)”是這樣的：
此節(jié)源于美國(guó)芝加哥的工人大罷工。1886年5月1日，芝加哥的20 多萬(wàn)工人為爭(zhēng)取實(shí)行八小時(shí)工作制而舉行大罷工，經(jīng)過(guò)艱苦的流血斗爭(zhēng)，終于獲得了勝利。為紀(jì)念這次工人運(yùn)動(dòng)，1889年7月14日，由各國(guó)馬克思主義者召集的者代表大會(huì)，在法國(guó)巴黎隆重開幕。大會(huì)上，與會(huì)代表一致同意：把5月1日定為國(guó)際無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)的共同節(jié)日。這一決議得到世界各國(guó)工人的積極響應(yīng)。1890年5月1日，歐美各國(guó)的工人階級(jí)率先走上街頭，舉行盛大的示威游行與集會(huì)，爭(zhēng)取合法權(quán)益。從此，每逢這一天世界各國(guó)的勞動(dòng)人民都要集會(huì)、游行，以示慶祝。
中國(guó)人民慶祝勞動(dòng)節(jié)的活動(dòng)可追溯至1918 年。是年，一些革命的知識(shí)分子在上海、蘇州等地向群眾散發(fā)介紹“五一”的傳單。1920年5月1日，北京、上海、廣州等城市的工人群眾走上街頭舉行了聲勢(shì)浩大的游行、集會(huì)。新中國(guó)成立后，我國(guó)于1949 年12月將“五一”定為法定的勞動(dòng)節(jié)。
1921年“五一”前夕，在北京的共產(chǎn)主義小組成員鄧中夏等人創(chuàng)辦的長(zhǎng)辛店勞動(dòng)補(bǔ)習(xí)學(xué)校里，工人們學(xué)唱《五一紀(jì)念歌》。其歌詞是：“美哉自由，世界明星，拼吾熱血，為他犧牲，要把強(qiáng)權(quán)制度一切掃除凈，記取五月一日之良辰。紅旗飛舞，走光明路，各盡所能，各取所需，不分貧富貴賤，責(zé)任唯互助，愿大家努力齊進(jìn)取。”這首雄壯有力的歌，是由長(zhǎng)辛店勞動(dòng)實(shí)習(xí)學(xué)校的教員和北京大學(xué)的進(jìn)步學(xué)生共同創(chuàng)編而成的。
51 of cause
51 international Labor Days call 51 sections, May 1 in every year.It is the whole world labor common festival of the people.As for"51 causes of the section"s are such:
This stanza comes from the worker's big strike of American Chicago.On May 1 in 1886, Chicago of 20 in order to fight for practicing eight hours to work to make but hold the big strike, many ten thousand workerses pass by hard of bloodshed conflict, acquired the victory finally.For memorial this time the socialist that the worker's one who exercise, July 14 in 1889, from all countries Marxist call rePsents the conference, Parisian solemn and imPssive open in France.On the conference, attend meeting to rePsent the consistent approval:Common festival that May 1 settles for the international proletariat.This resolution gets the international community, the worker responds to actively.On May 1 in 1890, the working class of Euro-American all countries leads off to go into the street, holding the grand demonstration and holding a meeting, fighting for the legal rights.From now on, every time round this international community labors the people to all want the catcall, parade, to show to celebrate.
The Chinese people celebrate the activity of the Labor Day and can trace back to to 1918.Is a year, etc. of some knowledge members of revolution at Shanghai, Suzhou ground sends forth to introduce toward crowd"51" of handbill.On May 1 in 1920, worker's crowd of etc. of Peking, Shanghai, Guangzhou city goes into the street to hold the huge parade of threatening force and hold a meeting.After new China establish, our country in December of 1949 will"51" settle for the legal Labor Day.
"51" night before lasts of 1921, the long and hot store labor extension school that summer waits for someone to establish in the communism group of Peking member 鄧 in, the workers learn to sing 《 51 memorial songs 》 .Its lyrics is:" The beautiful freedom, the star of world, puts together me red-blooded, sacrifice for him, want to sweep away the force system everything clean, remember the beautiful day of May first.The red flag dance in the wind, walk bright road, each exhausted ability, each take need, don't spanide the rich and poor high or low, responsibility only mutual aid, wish hard everyone is together enterprising." This stalwart and emollient song, from grow the teacher of the hot store labor practice school and University of Peking to progress the student to create the plait but become together.
